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The History and "Calling Cards" of Florence The tour will begin with a journey back to 59 BC, when Julius Caesar ordered the founding of Florence for the victorious soldiers. I'll tell you about the two main streets of that time. You'll learn where their intersection, the "Umbelicus Urbis," was located and the significance of the Column of Abundance, which now stands in the city center. You'll also see the location of the most important religious building of the time—the Capitol—and traces of the first city walls. I'll tell you about Florence's first religious building, the history of the Duomo, or Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, and, of course, all about Brunelleschi's dome! You'll also learn about the famous Medici dynasty and have the opportunity to stroll in the courtyard of their palace—the first official residence in Florence! You'll see magnificent churches: Santa Maria del Fiore, Santa Croce, and Santa Maria Novella. Enjoy the stunning city atmosphere and fall in love with the Tuscan capital forever!